GYVENAMŲJŲ NAMŲ LANGŲ KONSTRUKCIJŲ ŠILUMINIŲ SAVYBIŲ TYRIMAS NAUDOJANT INFRARAUDONOSIOS SPINDULIUOTĖS METODĄ

Residential house window structures thermal property research using infrared radiation method

Abstract

The main aim of the paper is to determine the thermal bridges through which infrared heat is lost through infrared method.

The results obtained during the tests were compared with the technical requirements of construction. Thermovision measurements of window structures were performed in accordance with LST EN 13187:2000. A total of eleven windows operated under real conditions were measured.

The main purpose of the study is to analyze and compare leaks or anomalies in residential window constructions. In residential buildings, windows are the most heat-conductive structures, which makes it difficult to assess their thermal properties. In real-life thermovision studies, it is possible to detect leaks in window structures and to determine the temperature changes of thermal bridges. The data obtained from the direct investigation are compared with the regulatory requirements of the Regulation.

Infrared method was chosen for the study of building window structures, which allows to measure the temperature of structural surfaces of windows under realistic (operational) conditions, without the use of structural dismantling techniques. This is the only method used in civil engineering to get this kind of data.

The main objectives of the research: To determine and compare the design and existing thermal technical characteristics of windows; Investigate invisible, fundamental windows problems that increase heat loss.

During the research, the temperature of the thermal bridges of window constructions was measured with the FLIR B335 thermal imager, and the obtained data was analyzed with the program FLIR Tools.

After detailed measurement of one-window technical indicators and identification of major non-conformities with regulatory requirements, the main focus was on the anomalies identified.

Analyzing the obtained data of thermal bridges, the most conductive places of heat were determined.

Findings of the study:

1. Investigating the thermal properties of residential window structures from the inside (premises) by infrared method, visually visible heat loss through all structures of the object and thermal bridges could be observed. The intensity of the emitted energy is directly proportional to the body temperature and depends on the radiant power of the body surface.
2. The problematic locations of the thermal bridges of the sliding partitions of the building are: frame and sash flaps, junction of window sills and reinforced concrete flaps, as well as junction of window block with masonry wall. Surface temperatures do not meet the requirements of the Technical Building Regulations at these locations: frame and sash flap – 91 percent, window sill joint – 64 percent, reinforced concrete lintel joint – 36 percent, window block junction with masonry wall – 27 percent.
3. The average value of the minimum surface temperatures of the investigated window constructions is 36 percent. does not meet the requirements of the Construction Technical Regulation.
4. Comparing all the minimum surface temperatures of the studied structures, the maximum heat loss was obtained through the joint of the frame and sash and the window sill joint.
5. The results of the study could be used in practical / application - oriented ways in the selection and decision making of window installation, maintenance and operation.